The most important thing in hand soldering is human skills. You cannot master the technical essentials of soldering without a period of practice, experience and understanding; even skilled workers who have been engaged in soldering work for a long time cannot guarantee that the quality of each solder joint is completely consistent. Only by fully understanding the principles of soldering and practicing hard can it be possible to learn the basic skills of soldering in a short period of time.
Some specific methods and points of attention introduced below are summaries of practical experience and are shortcuts for beginners to quickly master soldering skills.
Beginners should practice and continuously improve their skills and correct posture for soldering operations. Mastering the correct operating posture can reduce the harm to humans caused by the volatile chemicals emitted when the solder is heated and reduce the inhalation of harmful gases. in general, the distance from the soldering iron to the nose should be no less than 20cm, usually 30cm is appropriate.
After using the soldering iron, be sure to place it securely on the soldering iron stand, and be careful not to allow wires and other debris to touch the soldering iron head to avoid scalding the wires and causing accidents such as electric leakage.
View more about basic steps for hand soldering operations
What is the effect of heating time on solderpieces and solder joints and their external characteristics? If the heating time is insufficient, the solder will not be able to fully infiltrate the solderpiece, resulting in rosin and slag inclusions and a false weld. On the contrary, excessive heating, in addition to possible damage to components, may also cause the following hazards and external characteristics:
(1) The appearance of the solder joints deteriorates. If the solder continues to heat excessively after it has infiltrated the solderpiece, all the flux will volatilize, causing the molten solder to overheat and reduce the wetting performance; when the soldering iron is removed, it is easy to pull out the tin tip, and the surface of the solder joint will turn white and appear rough. Grainy, tarnished.
(2) High temperature causes decomposition and carbonization of the added rosin flux. Rosin generally begins to decompose at 210°C. Not only does it lose its role as a flux, but it also forms carbon slag in the solder joints and becomes a slag inclusion defect. If you find that the rosin turns black during the soldering process, it must be caused by the heating time being too long.
(3) Excessive heating will destroy the adhesive layer of the copper foil on the printed board, causing the copper foil pad to peel off. Therefore, accurately controlling the heating temperature during the appropriate heating time is the key to high-quality soldering.
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